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2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (1): 33-39Extracellular matrix of Schwann-like cells induced by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells promotes axonal regeneration after peripheral nerve injuryZhao Laihe1, Xia Bing2, Ma Teng2, Gao Jianbo3, Li Shengyou2, Gao Xue4, Zheng Yi1, Hu Guangwen3, Luo Zhuojing2, Huang Jinghui2
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous studies have found that Schwann cells and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells-derived Schwann cells can promote axonal regeneration and functional recovery after peripheral nerve injury. However, the shortage of Schwann cells limited its application. Schwann-like cells-derived extracellular matrix is rarely reported in the treatment of peripheral nerve injury. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether Schwann-like cells-derived extracellular matrix contributes to nerve repair after peripheral nerve injury. METHODS: Schwann cells and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were extracted from SD rats and the latter were induced into Schwann-like cells, then both were identified to prepare extracellular matrix. In vitro, dorsal root ganglion neurons and dorsal root ganglion tissue blocks were seeded on extracellular matrix to observe the growth of dorsal root ganglion axons. The sciatic nerve defect models of SD rats were established. The sciatic nerve axon regeneration and gastrocnemius muscle recovery were observed by using autologous nerve, Schwann-like cells-derived extracellular matrix composite poly(ε-caprolactone) conduit (induction group) and Schwann cells-derived extracellular matrix composite poly(ε-caprolactone) conduit (Schwann group) respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The expression of p75NTR in Schwann-like cells was significantly higher than that in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (P < 0.05). The purity of Schwann cells was (95.20±4.63)%. (2) Schwann-like cells-derived extracellular matrix and Schwann cells-derived extracellular matrix could promote the growth of nerve axons in dorsal root ganglion tissue block in vitro. (3) In vivo experiment, regenerated nerve fibers in autologous nerve group were continuous and orderly arranged; regenerated nerve fibers in induction group and Schwann group penetrated through the defect area, similar to that in the autologous nerve group. (4) The results showed that Schwann-like cells-derived extracellular matrix and Schwann cells-derived extracellular matrix could promote axon regeneration and repair after peripheral nerve injury, which provided a new and convenient cell-free therapy for peripheral nerve injury. Key words:stem cells, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, induction, Schwann-like cells, Schwann cells, extracellular matrix, peripheral nerve injury |