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2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (17): 2768-2774Benefit and physiological mechanism of low-intensity resistance training with blood flow restriction intervention on muscle fitnessYu Wei1, Song Gang2, Liu Yiwen3
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Blood flow restriction (also known as pressure training) combined with low-intensity resistance training has been proved to promote muscle adaptation in different populations. However, it is unclear about how this training method affects the muscle fitness and related mechanism of subjects, because of the different methods. OBJECTIVE: To review the application and possible mechanism of blood flow restriction combined with low-intensity resistance training in promoting muscle hypertrophy and muscle strength growth, so as to provide some useful references for sports science researchers, coaches and athletes in future research or training practice. METHODS: Relevant literatures were searched in Web of Science, Index Medicus, EMBASE, CNKI and other databases, with “blood flow restriction training, pressure training, resistance training, training volume, training frequency, interval time, muscle fitness, muscle hypertrophy, low intensity training, muscle metabolism” as keywords in English and Chinese, respectively. The search deadline was March 1, 2021. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 63 typical literatures were finally obtained. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Blood flow restriction training can cause tissue hypoxia and pH decrease in the process of exercise, promote the secretion of growth hormone and mTOR pathway activation, increase the muscle synthesis, and improve the effect of lateral migration. It can not only improve the muscle fitness of the compression part, but also enhance the muscle strength and cross-sectional area of the non-compression muscle group, and avoid the risk of injury caused by high-intensity resistance training. There is a dose matching effect of exercise prescription in the effect of blood flow restriction training, that is, the matching between the degree of blood flow restriction (50-250 mmhg) and low-intensity resistance (20%-50%1RM). The best training effect can be obtained by considering the width of pressure band, pressure position, training amount, frequency and interval time. Low-intensity resistance training prescription may be a better alternative training method for the elderly or the injured rehabilitation population including athletes. However, there is a lack of research on this aspect as yet. To conclude, low-intensity resistance training (20%-50%1RM) combined with blood flow restriction can promote muscle hypertrophy and increase muscle strength, and the effect is similar to that of high-intensity resistance training. However, for subjects of different ages and different physical fitness levels, especially for those with physical defects, more data from further studies are needed to clarify the training effect and possible risks of low-intensity resistance training. Key words:blood flow restriction, low-intensity resistance, muscle fitness, physiological benefits, pressure training, training volume, training frequency, interval time, muscle hypertrophy, muscle metabolism |