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2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (2): 165-170Effects and mechanism of the combined use of L-carnitine, pantothenic acid and coenzyme Q10 on aerobic exercise-induced fatigue in miceJia Ruizhen1, Jiang Chao2, Jin Qiguan1, Lou Xujia1, Hu Yulong1
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous studies have confirmed that L-carnitine, pantothenic acid, coenzyme Q10 and other nutritional factors can improve the body’s energy metabolism, which are essential components in the energy conversion process. Whether a combination of these three nutritional factors produces better protection against exercise fatigue is not yet clear. OBJECTIVE: To explore whether the combined use of L-carnitine, pantothenic acid, and coenzyme Q10 can improve exercise-induced fatigue in mice, the best combination and the mechanism of improvement in exercise-induced fatigue. METHODS: (1) Animal grouping: Using the principle of orthogonal design, 90 male ICR mice were divided into 10 groups according to different nutritional factors (L-carnitine (A), pantothenic acid (B), and coenzyme Q10 (C)), different dosages (dose 1: no use; dose 2: therapeutic dose; dose 3: three times the therapeutic dose), and whether to swim training or not (D). Another 10 mice were enrolled in exercise control group. (2) Establishment of an aerobic exercise-induced fatigue model: All the mice swam for 1 hour with 5% weight per day, 6 days a week, for 6 weeks. At the end of the 5th week, the mice in the former nine groups were performed with an exhaustion swimming and the exhaustion time was recorded. Nutritional factors were administered by oral gavage 1 hour before exercise. (3) Detection index: There were three experimental groups: normal control group, exercise control group, and exercise+pantothenic acid+Q10 group (exercise+nutritional factor group with the longest duration of exhaustion). At 24 hours after the end of 6-week exercise, the levels of blood urea nitrogen, superoxide dismutase, and malondialdehyde in serum and muscle tissue were detected. This experimental protocol was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Yangzhou University on September 15, 2019. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Effects on weight-bearing swimming exhaustion time were ranked as follows: exercise > pantothenic acid > coenzyme Q10 > L-carnitine. The group with the longest exhaustion time was A1B3C3D2 combination (exercise+nutritional factor group). (2) The blood urea nitrogen level of the exercise control group was significantly higher than the normal control group (P < 0.05). The blood urea nitrogen level of exercise+nutritional factor group was significantly lower than that of the exercise control group (P < 0.01). (3) The superoxide dismutase levels in serum and muscle tissue of the exercise control group were significantly lower than those of the normal control group (both P < 0.01). The superoxide dismutase levels in serum and muscle tissue of the exercise+nutritional factor group were significantly higher than those of the exercise control group (both P < 0.05). (4) The malondialdehyde levels in serum and muscle tissue of the exercise control group were significantly higher than those of the normal control group (both P < 0.05). The malondialdehyde levels in serum and muscle tissue of the exercise+nutritional factor group were significantly lower than those of the exercise control group (both P < 0.05). To conclude, exercise combined with pantothenic acid+nutritional factors strengthens the body's antioxidant capacity and reduces oxidative stress levels, thereby prolonging exercise time and delaying the occurrence of exercise-induced fatigue. Key words:exercise-induced fatigue, L-carnitine, pantothenic acid, coenzyme Q10 |