2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (22): 3586-3591

Theoretical research and technical application of bone repair materials in the treatment of calcaneal fractures

Tian Chong, Gao Bo, Yu Hongwei, Wang Pei   

Abstract: BACKGROUND: With the development of medical biotechnology, various artificial bone substitutes have appeared, providing a broader prospect for the future clinical treatment of calcaneal fractures.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the methods and progress of different bone repair materials in the treatment of calcaneal fractures.
METHODS: The first author used computer to search CNKI database and PubMed database. Search terms were “calcaneus fracture, autologous bone, allogenic bone, artificial bone” in Chinese and English used in the title and abstract. The articles related to the material characteristics, biocompatibility and application effects of the search terms were selected, and the articles in the same field recently or published in authoritative journals were selected.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:   Autologous bone is the first choice for clinical repair of bone defects, but there are problems such as limited supply, donor site complications, and secondary trauma. Later, allogenic bone, calcium phosphate, calcium sulfate, and Kirschner wire, steel plate, and hollow screws as internal fixation materials have achieved satisfactory results. With the development of biotechnology, on the basis of previous work, bone materials containing bone morphogenetic protein, platelet-rich plasma, and bone marrow aspiration concentrate have been applied in clinical practice, and satisfactory results have been achieved. At present, the bone graft materials used in the nonunion of calcaneal fractures can achieve relatively satisfactory results. The application of bone morphogenetic protein, platelet-rich plasma, and bone marrow aspiration concentrate can achieve better results. Simultaneously, with the development of biotechnology, various new composite bone graft materials will become the mainstream for the treatment of bone nonunion in the future.
Key words: calcaneus, calcaneus fracture, fracture nonunion, implant material, internal fixation material, autologous bone, allogenic bone, artificial bone