2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (25): 3956-3960

Biological characteristics of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in diabetic patients and their effect on promoting wound healing

Xu Manman1, Ji Zhe1, Ou Lingdong1, Li Ang1, Shen Caiqi2, Jin Peisheng2   

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Effective intervention for the mechanism of insufficient cell activity of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in diabetic patients is an important prerequisite for effectively promoting the healing of diabetic wounds.  
OBJECTIVE: To observe the biological characteristics of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells from diabetic patients and the effect of promoting wound healing.
METHODS:   Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells were obtained from the abdominal fat of normal people and diabetic patients of the same age and sex. Flow cytometry and cell scratch experiment were used to analyze the apoptosis and migration of the two groups of cells. The levels of hepatocyte growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor were detected by ELISA in the two groups. A diabetic nude mouse wound model was prepared; adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell suspensions from different sources were intradermally injected into the edge of the diabetic nude mouse wound. Cell survival was detected with the LB983 in vivo imaging system at 0, 12, and 24 hours after transplantation. The back healing of nude mice was observed at 7 and 14 days after transplantation.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Compared with the normal group, the cell apoptosis rate in the diabetes group was significantly increased (P < 0.05); the migration distance at 24 hours was significantly reduced (P < 0.05); the secretion levels of cytokines hepatocyte growth factor, fibroblast growth factor β, and vascular endothelial growth factor were significantly reduced (P < 0.05). (2) At 24 hours after cell transplantation, the number of living cells in the diabetic group was significantly reduced compared with the normal group (P < 0.05). After 14 days, the back skin healing of the nude mice in the normal group was better than that in the diabetic group. (3) The results showed that the biological activity of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells from diabetic patients decreased, and the effect of promoting wound healing was poor.
Key words: stem cells, adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells, type 2 diabetes, apoptosis, migration, wound surface, healing