2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (27): 4272-4278

Preparation of copper loaded coating on polydopamine-modified polycaprolactone electrospun membrane and antibacterial and cellular properties evaluation

Dong Xiling, Hui Min, Cao Fei, Lin Peng, Zhou Han, Wang Le, Zhang Xiaoming, Liu Tongbin   

Abstract: BACKGROUND: In the field of oral cavity, the guided bone tissue regeneration membrane is widely used in oral implant, periodontal and maxillofacial surgery to achieve rapid and effective tissue regeneration. However, how to prevent the infection around the implant has always been a problem to be solved.
OBJECTIVE: To prepare polycaprolactone electrospun fiber, and to modify its surface with polydopamine and adhere to copper ions, so as to prepare a guided bone tissue regeneration membrane with dual functions of antibacterium and osteogenesis.
METHODS: Polycaprolactone electrospun membrane, polydopamine modified polycaprolactone electrospun membrane and copper (0.01, 0.1, 1 mol/L) loaded polydopamine modified polycaprolactone electrospun membrane were prepared, separately. MC3T3-E1 cells were seeded on the electrospun membrane and cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay. Streptococcus mutans was co-cultured with the electrospun membrane to detect the antibacterial rate. According to the results of CCK-8 assay and inhibition rate experiment, the suitable copper loading concentration was determined for subsequent experiments. The in vitro sustained release properties of copper loaded polydopamine modified polycaprolactone electrospun membrane were detected. MC3T3-E1 cells were seeded on the three kinds of electrospun membranes, separately. The cell viability was analyzed by live/dead cell staining and the early osteogenic differentiation was evaluated by alkaline phosphatase staining. Streptococcus mutans was co-cultured with three kinds of electrospun membranes and the antibacterial activity of electrospun membranes was evaluated by live/dead bacterial staining.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) CCK-8 results showed that copper (0.01, 0.1 mol/L) loaded polydopamine modified polycaprolactone electrospun membrane could promote the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells. Copper (1 mol/L) loaded electrospun membrane inhibited the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells. The antibacterial rate of copper loaded electrospun membrane was higher than that of polycaprolactone electrospun membrane and polydopamine modified polycaprolactone electrospun membrane. The antibacterial rate of copper (0.1 mol/L) loaded electrospun membrane was higher than that of copper (0.01 mol/L) loaded electrospun membrane. Based on the above experimental results, 0.1 mol/L copper loaded electrospun membrane was selected for further study. (2) The concentration of copper ion released from the electrospun membrane on the 28th day in vitro was about 5.26 mg/L (82.8 μmol/L), which was in the range of non-cytotoxic and effective antibacterial concentration (10 -4-10-5 mol/L). (3) The results of live/dead staining showed that the copper loaded electrospun membrane had good biocompatibility and antibacterial activity. (4) Alkaline phosphatase staining showed that the osteogenic ability of polydopamine modified polycaprolactone electrospun membrane and copper loaded electrospun membrane was higher than that of Polycaprolactone electrospun membrane. (5) The results showed that copper loaded polydopamine modified polycaprolactone electrospun membrane had good bone promoting and antibacterial properties.
Key words: electrospinning, polycaprolactone, electrospun membrane, polydopamine, copper ion, antibacterial property, safety