2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (8): 1266-1271

Research progress of pulsed electromagnetic field in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis

Xiao Hao1, 2, Liu Jing1, 2, Zhou Jun1, 2

1Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, 2Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China

Received:2020-12-01 Revised:2020-12-05 Accepted:2021-01-16 Online:2022-03-18 Published:2021-11-02
Contact: Zhou Jun, MD, Chief physician, Associate professor, Master’s supervisor, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China; Laboratory of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
About author:Xiao Hao, Master candidate, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
Supported by:
the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81973917 (to ZJ); the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province, No. 2020JJ4085 (to ZJ)

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Pulsed electromagnetic fields generate pulsed currents, and improve bone metabolism through the stress coupling mechanism. In recent years, increasing evidence has proved that pulsed electromagnetic fields can inhibit postmenopausal osteoporosis in many ways involving bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and bone cells.
OBJECTIVE: To review the effect and therapeutic mechanism of pulsed electromagnetic field on postmenopausal osteoporosis.
METHODS: We searched PubMed, CNKI, WanFang, VIP, and CBMdisc databases for relevant articles with the keywords of “pulsed electromagnetic field; postmenopausal osteoporosis; bone homeostasis; bone metabolism; bone density; biomechanical property; bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells; osteoblasts; osteoclasts; bone cells” in Chinese and English, respectively. Finally, 66 articles met the criteria for review.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Pulsed electromagnetic fields can increase bone density, improve bone biomechanical properties, promote bone formation, and inhibit the activity of osteoclasts to inhibit postmenopausal osteoporosis. At present, pulsed electromagnetic fields are of high feasibility to mediate osteogenic differentiation via Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and OPG/RANKL signaling pathway. Research on the mechanism of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts indicates a series of concepts in the initial stage, including that SIRT1 inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome to mediate bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell pyrolysis, long-chain non-coding RNA and related pathways regulate osteogenic differentiation, and hypoxia-inducible factors drive osteoclast differentiation. It is of important value to explore whether pulsed electromagnetic fields can regulate NLRP3 inflammasome signals through SIRT1 to inhibit the pyrolysis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, thereby exerting an anti-osteoporosis effect.

Key words:pulsed electromagnetic field, postmenopausal osteoporosis, bone homeostasis, biomechanical properties, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, bone cells

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