2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (27): 4414-4420

Significance of Piezo1 protein in the pathogenesis of osteonecrosis of femoral head

Chen Bohao1, He Qi1, Yang Junzheng1, Pan Zhaofeng1, Xiao Jiacong1, Li Miao1, Li Shaocong1, Zeng Jiaxu1, Wang Haibin2, Zheng Jia3, Zhang Meng3   

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Piezo1, a mechanically-sensitive ion channel protein, participates in the occurrence and development of many orthopedic diseases, but its role in the pathogenesis of osteonecrosis of femoral head has not been systematically reported.  
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the significance of Piezo1 in the pathogenesis and progression of osteonecrosis of femoral head, providing theoretical basis for the early clinical prevention and treatment of osteonecrosis of femoral head.
METHODS: The Chinese and English search words “osteonecrosis of femoral head” “Piezo1” “bone formation” “bone loss” “angiogenesis” “inflammation” were searched on CNKI and PubMed. A total of 1 032 papers were retrieved, and 92 papers were finally included according to the inclusion criteria for the review.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Piezo1 can participate in the development of trauma-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head by influencing the differentiation and proliferation of osteoblasts, osteoclasts and endothelial cells through mechanical stimulation of the extracellular environment. (2) Piezo1 mediates inflammatory pathways to regulate the development of steroid-induced and alcohol-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head. (3) It is suggested that Piezo1 may participate in the pathological process of osteonecrosis of femoral head caused by different pathogenic factors in different ways, to provide a new target and direction for the treatment of osteonecrosis of femoral head.

Key words: osteonecrosis of femoral head, Piezo1, bone formation, bone loss, angiogenesis, inflammation