2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (3): 354-359

Osteogenic capacity of partially demineralized dentin particles in the maxillary sinus lift

Liu Huan, Li Han, Ma Yunhao, Zhong Weijian, Ma Guowu   

Abstract: BACKGROUND: It has been confirmed that dentin particles obtain good osteogenic potential. The non-demineralized dentin particles maintained well in space, but their degradation and absorption were slow, which delayed the rate of new bone formation. The fully demineralized dentine particles degraded rapidly, but the effect of scaffolds was not good, and the amount of new bone formation was limited.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the tissue reaction and osteogenic effect of partially demineralized dentin matrixs as bone graft materials.
METHODS: The enamel, cementum, and pulp were removed from clinically collected teeth, and the healthy dentin was preserved. The undemineralized dentin particles of 0.5-1.0 mm in diameter were prepared by grinding, screening, boiling, and sterilization. The dentin particles were demineralized in 2% nitric acid for 10 minutes, then cleaned and disinfected to produce partially demineralized dentin particles. Five beagles were selected for bilateral maxillary sinus elevation and randomly divided into two groups. Sinus in the experimental group was filled with partially demineralized dentin particles, and that in the control group was filled with undemineralized dentin particles. Three months after bone grafting, specimens were analyzed by gross observation, X-ray imaging and histological examination.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) General observation: The bone graft area in the two groups healed well without inflammation. In the experimental group, the surface of the bone graft area was flat, with remaining dentin particles. In the control group, the surface of the bone graft area was uneven, with a large number of remaining dentin particles. (2) Cone beam CT examination: In the experimental group, low-density image was observed; the boundary between dentin particles and surrounding tissues was unclear; the total volume of dentin particles in the bone graft area was decreased; and the density of new bone between dentin particles was increased. In the control group, the high density dentin particle image and surrounding tissue boundary were obvious, and dentin absorption was less compared with the experimental group. (3) Histological analysis: There was no obvious inflammatory cell infiltration in the bone graft area of the two groups. In the experimental group, dentin particles were absorbed like insect erosion, surrounded by new bone tissue; newly-born braided bones were dense. In the control group, the absorption degree of dentin particles was less than that in the experimental group. The rate of new bone formation was lower in the control group than that in the experimental group (P < 0.05). (4) The results show that both partially demineralized and undemineralized dentin particles could induce new bone formation. The osteogenic effect of partially demineralized dentin particles was better than that of undemineralized dentin particles.
Key words: bone, partial demineralization, dentin particles, bone regeneration, biomaterial, bone graft, maxillary sinus lift, animal experiment