2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (7): 1110-1116

Early thrombosis and prevention of small-diameter blood vessel prosthesis

Shi Yehong, Wang Cheng, Chen Shijiu   

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Small-diameter blood vessel prosthesis has a wide application value in the treatment of peripheral vascular diseases, but the problem of graft failure due to early thrombosis needs to be solved.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize research progress on early thrombosis and prevention of small-diameter blood vessel prosthesis.
METHODS: The relevant literature published on CNKI, Wanfang, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases from 2000 to 2020 was retrieved by the first author. The Chinese search terms were “small-diameter blood vessel prosthesis, small-diameter tubular stents, tissue-engineered blood vessels, antithrombotic, thrombosis, hemocompatibility, hydrophilicity, endothelialization”. The English search terms were “small-caliber vascular graft, vascular tissue engineering applications, endothelialization, hemocompatibility, surface modification”. The relevant literature on the pathophysiological mechanism and prevention of small-diameter blood vessel prosthesis thrombosis in China and abroad was retrieved, and the surface modification and endothelialization of biological materials were taken as the inclusion criteria. Finally, 57 articles were selected for review.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Prevention of thrombosis is a hotspot and a difficulty in the study of small-diameter blood vessel prosthesis. The research progress at home and abroad in recent years shows that the early thrombosis of small-diameter blood vessel prosthesis is related to plasma protein adsorption and contact activation of coagulation factors. By improving the surface hydrophilicity, releasing antithrombotic substances, planting seed cells and target gene induction, the thrombosis of small-diameter blood vessel prosthesis has been improved to a certain extent, but it is still in the experimental stage, and there is still a certain distance from clinical application. Therefore, it is necessary to further explore or optimize a more suitable vascular material to provide more choices for clinical application.
Key words: vascular transplantation, small-diameter blood vessel prosthesis, thrombosis, hemocompatibility, surface modification, endothelialization, tissue engineering, review