2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (28): 6118-6126

Application of graphene oxide in field of oral implant restoration

Shi Chunrong, He Jiaxu, Deng Lishan, Wang Hailan, Zhao Aimin, Yu Yiling, Geng Haixia, Song Weijun   

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Graphene oxide, with its excellent physical and chemical properties and biocompatibility, can promote the differentiation of osteoblasts and inhibit the proliferation of bacteria, which will hopefully improve the success rate of implant restoration.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the research progress of graphene oxide in the field of dental implant restoration.
METHODS: The related articles published by CNKI, WanFang Database, ScienceDirect, and PubMed from January 2000 to June 2024 were searched by computer. The keywords were “graphene oxide, dental implantation, biocompatibility, antibacterial mechanism, osteoblasts, mechanical properties, chemical properties” in Chinese and English. By reading the titles and abstracts, we preliminarily screened out the documents irrelevant to the topic of the article. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 65 documents were finally included for analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Graphene oxide can increase the innate immune protection response of the body through its own antibacterial and drug-loaded antibacterial abilities, thus inhibiting the occurrence and development of periimplant inflammation. Graphene oxide can promote the proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, enhance the proliferation of osteoblasts and vascular endothelial cells, inhibit the proliferation of osteoclasts, increase the rate of bone bonding between implants and alveolar bones, and contribute to the formation and stability of bone around implants. Graphene oxide can promote the combination of implant and gingival tissue, and reduce the occurrence of inflammation. Graphene oxide has low toxicity, and its biological safety needs further study. Graphene oxide coating endows the surface of titanium implant with excellent physical and chemical properties, which can greatly reduce the occurrence of complications such as implant fracture and prolong the survival time of implant.

Key words: graphene oxide, oral implant, promoting osteogenesis, drug-loaded antibacterial, low toxicity, physical and chemical properties, review, engineered oral materials